I think a test of wills could occur even in the absence of infrastructure though.
Think about states with a particularly independent libertarian/conservative streak. Alaska. Utah. Wyoming. Texas. Arizona. North Dakota. Maybe a few others. They may not possess the infrastructure to mount a sustained resistance, but forcing the federal government to either back down, or blockade necessary resources in order to gain compliance for an edict viewed as illegitimate could be a showdown worth having, especially if the federal government cash spigot is shut off by fiscal insolvency, and the state has nothing to lose in resisting.